ISangoma eMzantsi Afrika: Ubugqirha Bemveli Obudibanisa Abaphilayo Nezinyanya

Kwiindawo ezininzi zeSouthern Africa, iSangoma ibalulekile njengomphilisi, umcebisi, nomgcini wesiko.

Ngokwenkcazelo ekwi https://thegrace.co.za/sangoma-traditional-healer-of-southern-africa/, esi sikhundla sikhona kangangeenkulungwane, kwaye siquka ukuvumisa, ukunceda kwizifo zomzimba nezengqondo, ukulawula imicimbi yokuzalwa nokusweleka, ukufumana iinkomo ezilahlekileyo, nokulwa ubugqwirha.

Esi sihloko sichaza umahluko phakathi kweSangoma neInyanga: iSangoma ijolisa kakhulu ekuvumiseni, kanti iInyanga igxile kumayeza ezityalo nezilwanyana.

Noko ke, ngenxa yekoloniyali, urbanisation, apartheid, kunye ne-transculturation, lo mahluko sele ungacaci kangako kwinkulungwane yama-21.

Namhlanje abaphilisi abaninzi basebenzisa zombini iindlela, yaye igama elithi “sangoma” lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

ESouth Africa kukholelwa ukuba kukho malunga ne-200,000 abaphilisi bemveli xa kuthelekiswa no-25,000 oogqirha be-Western medicine.

Malunga ne-60% yabantu babonana nabo, ngamanye amaxesha kunye nonyango lwe-biomedical. Imikhuba efana nokutshisa imphepho (Helichrysum petiolare), ukudanisa, ukucula, nokubetha amagubu isetyenziselwa ukudala uxolo phakathi kwabaphilayo nabangasekhoyo.

ISangoma isebenza e-indumba, okanye e-imsamo xa indumba ingekho.

Kwi-ngoma belief system enxulumene nabantu bamaBantu, ukuphilisa kubonwa ngendlela epheleleyo: umzimba, uluntu, nomoya.

Ukuqhagamshelana namadlozi kungenziwa nge-spirit possession, mediumship, ukuphosa amathambo, okanye ukutolika amaphupha.

Xa kuphoswa amathambo kusetyenziswa izinto ezifana namathambo ezilwanyana, i-dominoes, idayisi, iinkozo zemali, oonokrwece namatye; nganye inentsingiselo, umzekelo ithambo lefisi lingabhekisa kwisela.

ISangoma inika muti, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ithumele isigulana kwiInyanga okanye kwi-Western medicine regimen.

Kwanxibo lwesangoma luthwala imiqondiso: umbala obomvu uqhelekile, kanti inyongo yebhokhwe ethe yabulawa ekuphumeleleni kothweso “ibiza amadlozi.”